Sputnik 1 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "Sputnik 1 (Russian: 'Спутник-1', 'Satellite-1', or literally 'Co-traveler-1' byname ПС-1 (PS-1, i.e. 'Простейший Спутник-1', or Elementary Satellite-1)) was the first artificial satellite to be put into geocentric orbit. Launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, it was the first satellite of the Sputnik program"
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